The Constitution

The full proposed draft: the Establishment Article, 365 numbered articles, and the Closing Article.

Type a word or phrase to show only the articles that contain it. Several words must all appear; use “quotes” for an exact phrase (e.g. “free speech”), or type a number to jump to that article.

SECTION ONE: FOUNDATION, AND RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE

Establishment Article

Establishment ArticleEstablishment of the Constitution

Here is set forth the constitution of New Zealand; it shall apply across all New Zealand territories.
This Constitution enshrines in writing, the naturally endowed freedoms, rights, and responsibilities of all the people of New Zealand;

Gathered therefore, united as free people, of every creed and race before the face of God, knowing that if it were not for dissension, envy, hate, corruption, and tyranny, that law itself should be unnecessary; we the people hereby declare our independence, establish our republic, and adopt this Constitution, both in text, and in spirit; foremost as safeguard against those who would undermine liberty; natural justice; and truth.

The Foundation Articles

Article 1Sovereignty of New Zealand

The independent sovereignty of New Zealand is absolute; no foreign law shall overrule or supersede any part of this Constitution, nor be enforceable within New Zealand territory.

Article 2Constitutional Supremacy

Any law which contradicts any part of this Constitution, shall be null and void; Any existing law which does not contradict this constitution shall remain in effect until such time as it is repealed, or expires by nature of its own limitations; The results of any and all previous Citizens Initiated Referenda, which do not contradict this Constitution, shall hereby be enshrined in law.

Article 3Continuity of Public Assets

Any entities, enterprises, processes and structures thereof, or property and other assets, controlled or owned on behalf of the public under the title of The Crown, which do not create a contradiction with this Constitution, shall be continued by a new entity representing a collective of the people, known as The Fern.

Article 4Constitutional Amendment Process

Articles of the Constitution shall only be amended, changed, substituted, added, or removed, by way of referendum.

Article 5International Treaties

International agreements or treaties between New Zealand and another single nation shall only be ratified with majority Senate approval; International agreements or treaties involving more than one other nation shall only be ratified by way of referendum.

Article 6Limitation on Constitutional Changes

No more than two articles of the Constitution may be altered, changed, amended, or removed within any decade; with a singular exception to update the name of the realm in any articles in which it appears, if the nation is renamed via public referendum.

Article 7Federal Structure

New Zealand shall be a federation of cooperative, sovereign, Provincial States.

Article 8Provincial States

The Provinces (or “States”) making up the federation of New Zealand are:

• Northland
• Auckland
• Waikato
• Bay of Plenty
• Taranaki
• Gisborne
• Hawkes Bay
• Manawatu
• Wellington
• Tasman
• Marlborough
• West Coast
• Canterbury
• Otago
• Southland

Article 9Territorial Administration

All other territories shall come under the direct administration of central government; unless a given area elects to be administered under another Provincial State.

Article 10Protectorate Territories

Protectorate territories of New Zealand, while maintaining entitlement to all rights and privileges in this constitution, shall retain their autonomy and independence.

Personal Rights and Responsibilities

Article 11Civic Duty and Responsibility

Everyone in New Zealand has a duty to act fairly, justly, decently, and responsibly, in all their undertakings; to assist others where reasonable; to contribute to society as best they are able; to take responsibility for themselves and their families as much as possible; and to avoid intentionally putting others at unnecessary risk: Every citizen has both the right, and the moral duty, to defend the nation, and to uphold the principles of the Constitution; especially if or when they are infringed upon by any government, foreign or domestic; including if necessary by forced removal of government officials from office

Article 12Inherent Rights

Rights are inherent; no citizen shall require a reason or permission, nor shall be charged a fee, in order to exercise a right.

Article 13Citizenship by Birth

Anyone born in New Zealand (or one of its territories), who has, prior to birth, at least one biological parent who holds New Zealand citizenship, shall be considered a citizen by birth; and shall be entitled to all protections, rights, and privileges thereof.

Article 14Citizenship by Descent

Anyone not deemed a citizen by birth, but with at least one biological parent who is a New Zealand citizen by birth, shall be considered a citizen by descent; and shall be entitled to all protections, rights, and privileges thereof.

Article 15Irrevocable Citizenship

Citizens by birth or descent cannot ever have their citizenship revoked.

Article 16Citizenship by Naturalisation

Anyone granted citizenship other than by birth or descent, shall be considered a citizen by naturalisation.

Article 17Revocation of Citizenship

Citizenship may only be revoked for serious reasons as prescribed under the law; and must also be ordered so by the highest court of the land, unless it was invalidly granted.

Article 18Protection from Expulsion

Citizens cannot be expelled from New Zealand, and shall only be extradited to a foreign authority with their consent.

Article 19Federal and Provincial Voting Rights

Only New Zealand citizens shall have the right to vote in federal and provincial elections.

Article 20Local Body Voting Rights

Only New Zealand citizens and permanent residents shall have the right to vote in local body elections.

Article 21Voting Rights Regardless of Residence

New Zealand citizens shall retain the right to vote in all federal elections and referenda, regardless of their current residential location, or how long they have resided in that place.

Article 22Right to Sustenance

Every citizen shall retain the right to collect water, and to gather, grow, fish, or hunt, sufficient food to sustain both themselves and their families; this right shall be indefinite, and irrevocable.

Article 23Heritage Plants and Seeds

Every citizen shall retain the right to buy, sell, use, grow, and distribute, heritage plants and seeds.

Article 24Right to Keep and Bear Arms

Every citizen from the age of 20; who has not been justly convicted of a violent crime, or deemed a legitimate danger to society by way of a reasonable and fair process open to public scrutiny; shall have automatic right to keep and bear arms on private property.

Article 25Regulation of Arms

Ownership, possession, and use, of arms by the people of the realm shall be a regulated right; but the purpose of keeping and bearing arms as a necessary measure of defence, especially against oppression or tyranny, shall never be removed, nor be infringed upon by government; and shall only be restricted in law by mandate and approval of the people.

Article 26Right to Vehicle Ownership

Ownership, possession, and use, of vehicles by citizens is a regulated right; it shall not be infringed upon by government, and shall only be restricted in law by approval of the people.

Article 27Right to Manufacture

Every citizen has the right to construct, manufacture, produce, or import, any item which they may legally possess.

Article 28Right to Innovation

Every citizen has the right to innovate, create, design, and test, any new ideas and technologies, that have not been expressly prohibited by a reasonable law.

Article 29Natural Resource Ownership

All natural resources, including but not limited to, the air, water, earth, minerals, oil, gas, the foreshore and seabed, native bush, and wildlife; shall be owned, fully and equally, by all citizens of New Zealand as the natural custodians of the realm: this shall not preclude the ability or right of individuals, businesses, or other legal entities, to own and use resources on private property.

Article 30Right to Land and Home Ownership

Every citizen has the right to own land, and to construct their own home.

Article 31Right to Build Without Permission

No citizen shall require permission or consent to construct one single story private dwelling of 80 m² or less, on private property, which is intended for personal family use.

Article 32Land Ownership Eligibility

Only New Zealand citizens, permanent residents, Australian citizens, or legal entities such as businesses or trusts with a majority New Zealand ownership, shall have the right to own land.

Article 33Multiple Property Ownership

Only New Zealand citizens, Australian citizens, or legal entities such as businesses or trusts with a majority New Zealand ownership, shall have the right to own more than one property; exceptions shall be made for joint ownership of private property between a non-citizen and their New Zealand citizen spouse.

Article 34Large Land Holdings

Only New Zealand citizens, or legal entities such as businesses or trusts under full New Zealand ownership, shall have the right to own more than 50 hectares of land; but no individual or private entity may own more than 1% of the total land area of the realm.

Article 35Property Owner Protection

No owner of a property, nor legal dweller, shall be liable or responsible for any harm which befalls someone attempting or committing a crime on that property.

Article 36Private Property Safety Regulations

Individuals, in their capacity of personal responsibility and self determination as sovereign citizens, shall have right to designate the extent to which safety regulations shall be adhered to on their own private property, and shall also not be prevented by law the use of safety measures, equipment, accessories, or features, as they so choose; provided doing so does not endanger the public, or encroach on constitutional rights.

Article 37Right to Remove Trespassers

Property owners have the right to forcibly remove trespassers.

Article 38Right to Self-Defence

Everyone has the right to defence of themselves and others, and protection of property; by means of any reasonable and sufficient force required:

  1. (a)

    If threatened, a weapon may legally be used as a deterrent or warning;

  2. (b)

    If physically attacked, threatened with a weapon, or if force is required to protect property; a weapon may legally be used to incapacitate the perpetrator;

  3. (c)

    If significant risk of serious physical harm or death exists; a weapon may legally be used to completely terminate the threat.

Article 39Right to Life

Every human, created equal, bearing the same intrinsic transcendent essence of value, shall have an inalienable right to life; regardless of race, sex, age, or disability. No one shall be deprived of life except on such grounds as are established by law and are consistent with the principles of fundamental justice; life shall not be taken from the innocent.

Article 40Right to Emergency Medical Care

No one shall be denied available emergency medical treatment; nor denied visitation by an appropriate and willing religious minister within the realm, if reasonable risk of death exists; every citizen is entitled to free treatment for injury and free life saving medical care, at a suitable publicly funded medical facility.

Article 41Right to Refuse Medical Treatment

Every person has the right to refuse to undergo any medical treatment; no one may be medicated without their consent, nor penalised due to any refusal.

Article 42Protection from Medical Experimentation

Every person has the right not to be subjected to medical or scientific experimentation without that person's consent.

Article 43DNA Ownership Rights

Every individual owns full and exclusive right to their own DNA; no individual human gene, nor portion of an individual’s genetic code, may be subject to patent, copyright, or ownership by a third party.

Article 44Parental Consent for Minors

Parental or guardian consent is required for any non-emergency medical procedure to be performed on anyone under 16 years of age.

Article 45Parental Notification

Parental or guardian notification is required for any medical procedure performed on anyone under 20 years of age; unless otherwise specified by Provincial law.

Article 46Prohibition of Organ Trade

The buying and selling of any natural human organs is completely forbidden.

Article 47Organ Donation Rights

Natural human body parts may only be donated under express permission from the individual making the donation; or, if and how prescribed by law, that person’s next of kin or legal representative.

Article 48Freedom from Slavery

Every human, being equal in their essence and origin, is born free; no person may ever own another, nor may anyone be kept in bondage or in indentured servitude; nor shall anyone be incarcerated based upon race, sex, age, disability, sexual orientation, political opinion, or religion.

Article 49Protection from Cruel Treatment

Everyone has the right not to be subjected to torture, or to cruel, degrading, or disproportionately severe treatment or punishment; penalties shall appropriately befit the harm caused by an offence in order to serve natural justice.

Article 50Protection from Unreasonable Search

Everyone has the right to be secure against unreasonable search or seizure, whether of the person, property, or correspondence, or otherwise.

Article 51Right to Privacy and Personal Protection

Every citizen, being naturally endowed with individual sovereignty, has the right to privacy and personal protection. The means of privacy and protection on or in private property shall include; but not be limited to:

  1. (a)

    personal shielding;

  2. (b)

    barriers, walls, or fences;

  3. (c)

    emergency shelters;

  4. (d)

    personal armaments;

  5. (e)

    surveillance systems;

  6. (f)

    domesticated guard animals;

  7. (g)

    detection systems;

  8. (h)

    encryption systems;

  9. (i)

    active denial systems;

Article 52Freedom of Speech and Expression

Everyone has the right to freedom of speech and expression, including the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and opinions of any kind in any form. No one may likewise be compelled to use language, expression, terminology, or description of any kind.
Full, uninhibited, exercise of free speech, which does not clearly and directly incite or command physical harm to others, is a naturally endowed right: This article shall not however prevent civil recourse against defamation, libel, or slander; nor prevent any person(s) from protection against sustained and directed harassment or abuse beyond the nature of the speech itself.

Article 53Freedom of Thought, Conscience, Religion, and Belief

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, religion, and belief, including the right to adopt and to hold opinions without interference.

Article 54Freedom of Association

Everyone has the right to freedom of association.

Article 55Freedom of Peaceful Assembly

Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly.

Article 56Freedom of Movement

Everyone has the right to freedom of movement:

  1. (a)

    Everyone lawfully in New Zealand has the right to freedom of movement and residence in New Zealand.

  2. (b)

    Every New Zealand citizen has the right to enter New Zealand.

  3. (c)

    Everyone has the right to leave New Zealand.

  4. (d)

    No one who is not a New Zealand citizen, and who is lawfully in New Zealand, shall be required to leave New Zealand except under a decision taken on grounds prescribed by law.

  5. (e)

    No New Zealand citizen may be charged a fee to enter or leave New Zealand.

Article 57Natural Autonomy and Personal Risk

Natural autonomy lies with citizens, who have the right to determine the level of risk they wish to take in their personal lives; in undertaking risk, citizens shall assume reasonable and appropriate responsibility for their actions; citizens shall also not be forced to cease an activity, or leave an area unless:

  1. (a)

    they are in breach of a specific and reasonable law; or

  2. (b)

    they are trespassing on private property; or

  3. (c)

    they pose an evident risk to other people or property; or

  4. (d)

    a specific need for security is present; or

  5. (e)

    they are impeding essential services; or

  6. (e)

    they are obstructing the reasonable freedom of others.

Article 58Protection from Forced Marking

No person shall ever be stamped, branded, tattooed, chipped, or otherwise permanently marked in any way against their will; nor be compelled by detriment or punishment to be.

Article 59Right to Economic Freedom

Every citizen has the right to economic freedom; in particular:

  1. (a)

    to choose an occupation; and

  2. (b)

    to make investments; and

  3. (c)

    to conduct legal business; and

  4. (d)

    to privately own and control forms and means of production: and

  5. (e)

    to never be deprived of the majority of their income by way of taxes; and

  6. (f)

    to only be taxed on income derived within the New Zealand realm; and

  7. (g)

    to access, at the least, basic banking services as would be reasonably expected for day to day living; and

  8. (h)

    to retain legal ownership of funds deposited in a banking institution; and

  9. (i)

    to not be bound by a law or contract preventing, or unreasonably inhibiting, the earning of a livelihood.

  10. (j)

    to loan, rent, sell, or gift, personal property.

Article 60Right to Currency Freedom

Every citizen has the right to possess, trade, and utilise, any currency, in any form.

Article 61Protection from Arbitrary Arrest

Everyone has the right not to be arbitrarily arrested or detained.

Article 62Rights Upon Arrest

Everyone who is arrested or detained:

  1. (a)

    shall be informed at the time of the arrest or detention of the reason for it; and

  2. (b)

    shall have the right to consult and instruct a lawyer without delay and to be informed of that right; and

  3. (c)

    shall have the right to have the validity of the arrest or detention determined without delay by way of habeas corpus and to be released if the arrest or detention is not lawful.

Article 63Right to Remain Silent

Everyone who is arrested or detained shall have the right to refrain from making any statement, and to be informed of that right.

Article 64Right to Prompt Charging

Everyone who is arrested for an offence has the right to be charged promptly or to be released.

Article 65Right to Court Appearance

Everyone who is arrested for an offence and is not released shall be brought as soon as possible before a court or competent tribunal.

Article 66Treatment of Detained Persons

Everyone deprived of liberty shall be treated reasonably and fairly for preservation of the inherent dignity of the person.

Article 67Rights of Charged Persons

Everyone who is charged with an offence:

  1. (a)

    shall be informed promptly and in detail of the nature and cause of the charge; and

  2. (b)

    shall be released on reasonable terms and conditions unless there is just cause for continued detention; and

  3. (c)

    shall have the right to consult and instruct a lawyer; and

  4. (d)

    shall have the right to adequate time and facilities to prepare a defence; and

  5. (e)

    shall have the right, except in the case of an offence under military law tried before a military tribunal, to the benefit of a trial by jury when the penalty for the offence is or includes imprisonment for 2 years or more; and

  6. (f)

    shall have the right to receive legal assistance without cost, if the interests of justice so require, and the person does not have sufficient means to provide for that assistance; and

  7. (g)

    shall have the right to have the free assistance of an interpreter if the person cannot understand or speak the language used in court.

Article 68Minimum Rights in Trial

Everyone who is charged with an offence has, in relation to the determination of the charge, the following minimum rights:

  1. (a)

    the right to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial court:

  2. (b)

    the right to be tried without undue delay:

  3. (c)

    the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law:

  4. (d)

    the right not to be compelled to be a witness or to confess guilt:

  5. (e)

    the right to be present at the trial and to present a defence:

  6. (f)

    the right to examine the witnesses for the prosecution and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses for the defence under the same conditions as the prosecution:

  7. (g)

    the right, if convicted of an offence in respect of which the penalty has been varied between the commission of the offence and sentencing, to the benefit of the lesser penalty:

  8. (h)

    the right, if convicted of the offence, to appeal according to law to a higher court against the conviction or against the sentence or against both:

  9. (i)

    the right, in the case of a child, to be dealt with in a manner that takes account of the child's age.

Article 69Protection from Retroactive Law

No one shall be liable to conviction of any offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute an offence by such person under the law of New Zealand at the time it occurred.

Article 70Individual Criminal Responsibility

No one shall be penalised or punished for the crime of someone else.

Article 71Protection from Double Jeopardy

No one who has been finally acquitted or convicted of, or pardoned for, an offence shall be tried or punished for it again.

Article 72Rights After Wrongful Imprisonment

Anyone wrongfully imprisoned for a crime and subsequently found innocent, shall be entitled to:

  1. (a)

    a public apology; and

  2. (b)

    complete expungement of any record of that crime in relation to them; and also any other offences committed by them while incarcerated for that offence; and

  3. (c)

    compensation equivalent to no less than double the average wage for every year, or part thereof, in which they have been wrongfully imprisoned; and

  4. (d)

    a completely new identity, if they believe their reputation has been sufficiently damaged; provided they do not have a history of any other imprisonable offences.

Article 73Victim's Right to Waive Punishment

Anyone, not under duress, has the right to dismiss conviction for, and/or waiver, punishment for an offence committed against them.

Article 74Liability for False Accusations

Intentional false accusations of a crime, including by means of fabrication of evidence, shall bear the accuser liable for the same punishment as would be laid on the accused if justly convicted.

Article 75Right to Self-Representation

Individuals; being naturally free and autonomous; shall have the right to self representation in all legal matters.

Article 76Right to Legal Representation

Individuals; being naturally free and autonomous; shall have the right to appoint a representative to appear in their stead, and argue their case in any matter brought by the state.

Article 77Benefit of the Law

Citizens are entitled to be afforded the full benefit of the law, whether they know the law or not.

Article 78Rights of Incarcerated Persons

Incarcerated persons, though entitled to and bound by all due process:

  1. (a)

    shall have restricted exercise of rights and privileges as determined by law; and

  2. (b)

    may be made subject to fair and reasonable standards of behaviour by force, if necessary for the safety of themselves or others; and

  3. (c)

    may be stripped of all but the most basic of items if required for safety or discipline; and

  4. (d)

    may be set reasonable duties of work; and

  5. (e)

    may be reasonably disciplined for offences committed while incarcerated; and

  6. (f)

    shall have clear legal protection against malicious, cruel, and sadistic treatment; and

  7. (g)

    shall receive at least one meal per day; and

  8. (h)

    shall be entitled to retain legal ownership of property and assets that are not the profits of crime; and

  9. (i)

    shall under regular circumstances not be denied basic writing materials; and

  10. (j)

    shall be entitled to the equivalent of one hour of communication with an external person of their choosing, no less than once every three months; primarily so an external person or family member can confirm their well-being; and

  11. (k)

    shall not have automatic right to privacy, except when meeting with legal counsel; and

  12. (l)

    shall under regular circumstances be granted a basic level of privacy when using bathroom facilities, or meeting with religious ministers, counsellors, psychologists, medical staff, or a spouse; but basic levels of granted privacy shall not prevent the presence of security personnel in the close vicinity; and

  13. (m)

    shall be notified if or when basic levels of privacy are being suspended.

Article 79Duty to Serve on Juries

All physically and mentally able citizens have a duty to serve on juries when called upon, and may only be excused under conditions set by law; and:

  1. (a)

    Only citizens shall be eligible for jury duty; and

  2. (b)

    Every citizen shall be granted sufficient time away from employment or other activities without penalty, in order to undertake jury duty; and

  3. (c)

    Citizens shall be justly compensated, at a rate no less than the average wage, while serving on a jury; and

  4. (d)

    Compensation for jury duty shall not be taxed; nor shall anything prevent a citizen from simultaneously receiving other income; nor shall compensation for jury duty be counted as income for tax purposes.

Article 80Rights of Jurors

Jurors shall:

  1. (a)

    have the right to submit questions during a trial; and

  2. (b)

    be entitled to an answer of any reasonable question; regardless of whether the question is intended for the prosecution, defence, or judge; and

  3. (c)

    not be penalised in any way for their final verdict.

Article 81Jury Discretion

A jury may overrule the technicalities of law in order to preserve or ensure justice:

  1. (a)

    by way of leniency in their verdict, or

  2. (b)

    by means of recommendation to a judge for harsher or alternative penalty, which a judge may use at his or her discretion. A recommended penalty may not include an extension of the parole period set by law.

Article 82Right to Keep Medical Supplies

Every citizen has the right to keep medical supplies.

Article 83Right to Pursue Education

Everyone has the right to pursue education.

Article 84Parental Education Choice

Parents or legal guardians shall retain the right to education choice for those children for whom they are responsible.

Article 85Right to Private Education

The right to private and/or home education shall always be retained.

Article 86Right to Protest

Every citizen has the right to protest, by any reasonable method or manner that does not include vandalism, rioting, looting, or physical violence and intimidation of others.

Article 87Right to Own Precious Materials

Every citizen shall retain the right to own and possess precious metals, gemstones, and other minerals.

Article 88Right to Public Assistance

Every citizen is entitled to public assistance in times of genuine need; but shall also bear a duty to minimise their reliance on public assistance as best they are reasonably able.

Article 89Collective Right to Community Improvement

Citizens have a collective right to repair, maintain, improve, or otherwise address local issues existing in a public space, which have been left neglected by the responsible governing body; for the sake of the overall wellbeing of their local community.

Article 90Power of Temporary Detention

Though ordinary powers of arrest shall be exclusively retained by the police, other emergency services and citizens shall have the power to temporarily detain someone in the event that a crime has taken place.

Cultural Protections and Safeguards

Article 91Constitutional Supremacy Over Other Legal Systems

No other system of law which undermines, compromises, contradicts, or inhibits, the letter or the spirit of this Constitution shall be permitted.

Article 92Natural Progression of Culture

Culture and tradition shall both be left to progress naturally; neither shall be intentionally manipulated, distorted, or altered by government: moreover, government, and entities of the Fern, shall neither fund, nor promote, nor declare support for any ideology, on behalf of the public.

Article 93Official Place Names

Official place names shall be used on official, and on legal, documentation and signage; and government entities shall not be permitted to arbitrarily change official place names; all changes must be submitted to the public for approval.
While documentation may be written in a mixture of official languages, provided correct place names are used, “Aotearoa” may be used interchangeably at any time, in any circumstance, with “New Zealand”, without any alteration to validity or legal standing occurring.

Article 94Nature of Citizenship

Citizenship, being a birthright or earned privilege:

  1. (a)

    cannot be bought, nor sold; and

  2. (b)

    can only be granted to living persons; and

  3. (c)

    can only be validly endowed upon those eligible to receive it.

Article 95Citizenship Requirements

Citizenship shall only be granted to those:

  1. (a)

    who meet any reasonable criteria set by law; and

  2. (b)

    whose names have been publicly published for a period of no less than 30 days prior to the receipt of citizenship, for the purpose of approval or objection by other citizens; and

  3. (c)

    who are not awaiting a decision or resolution to any reasonable objection raised: and

  4. (d)

    who have been nominated for citizenship by at least two current non-naturalised citizens; and

  5. (e)

    who have spent at least 5 years in mainland New Zealand; and

  6. (f)

    who have not been justly convicted of any crime within New Zealand territory; and

  7. (g)

    who have renounced allegiance to any foreign government or military; and

  8. (h)

    who have not had their request for citizenship petitioned against by the majority of voting age citizens in the town, suburb, city, district, or Province, in which they have made the request.

Article 96Oath of Citizenship

The granting of citizenship shall require an oath of allegiance to New Zealand, to fellow citizens, and to upholding the principles of the Constitution.

Article 97Age of Adulthood

Everyone is deemed to be an adult upon reaching the age of 20 years.

Article 98Voting Age

Every citizen, from the age of 20, shall have the right to vote.

Article 99Legal Age for Alcohol

The legal age to purchase alcohol is 20 years; unless otherwise specified by Provincial law.

Article 100Legal Age for Tobacco

The legal age to purchase tobacco is 20 years; unless otherwise specified by Provincial law.

Article 101Legal Age for Gambling

The legal age to gamble is 20 years; unless otherwise specified by Provincial law.

Article 102Age for Higher Education

The age to unrestrictedly attend a public university or other institution of higher learning is 20 years; unless otherwise specified by Provincial law.

Article 103Legal Age for Arms Purchase

The legal age to purchase arms is 20 years; unless otherwise specified by Provincial law.

Article 104National Anthem

The New Zealand National Anthem is: “God Defend New Zealand” - the verses of the National Anthem are:

  1. God of Nations at Thy feet,
    In the bonds of love we meet,
    Hear our voices, we entreat,
    God defend our free land.
    Guard Pacific's triple star
    From the shafts of strife and war,
    Make her praises heard afar,
    God defend New Zealand.
  2. Men of every creed and race,
    Gather here before Thy face,
    Asking Thee to bless this place,
    God defend our free land.
    From dissension, envy, hate,
    And corruption guard our state,
    Make our country good and great,
    God defend New Zealand.
  3. Peace, not war, shall be our boast,
    But, should foes assail our coast,
    Make us then a mighty host,
    God defend our free land.
    Lord of battles in Thy might,
    Put our enemies to flight,
    Let our cause be just and right,
    God defend New Zealand.
  4. Let our love for Thee increase,
    May Thy blessings never cease,
    Give us plenty, give us peace,
    God defend our free land.
    From dishonour and from shame,
    Guard our country's spotless name,
    Crown her with immortal fame,
    God defend New Zealand.
  5. May our mountains ever be
    Freedom's ramparts on the sea,
    Make us faithful unto Thee,
    God defend our free land.
    Guide her in the nations' van,
    Preaching love and truth to man,
    Working out Thy glorious plan,
    God defend New Zealand.
  1. E Ihowā Atua,
    O ngā iwi mātou rā
    Āta whakarangona;
    Me aroha noa
    Kia hua ko t e pai;
    Kia tau tō atawhai;
    Manaakitia mai
    Aotearoa.
  2. Ōna mano tāngata
    Kiri whero, kiri mā,
    Iwi Māori, Pākehā,
    Rūpeke katoa,
    Nei ka tono ko ngā hē
    Māu e whakaahu kē,
    Kia ora mārire
    Aotearoa
  3. Tōna mana kia tū!
    Tōna kaha kia ū;
    Tōna rongo hei pakū
    Ki te ao katoa
    Aua rawa ngā whawhai
    Ngā tutū e tata mai;
    Kia tupu nui ai
    Aotearoa
  4. Waiho tona takiwā
    Ko te ao mārama;
    Kia whiti tōna rā
    Taiāwhio noa.
    Ko te hae me te ngangau
    Meinga kia kore kau;
    Waiho i te rongo mau
    Aotearoa.
  5. Tōna pai me toitū
    Tika rawa, pono pū;
    Tōna noho, tāna tū;
    Iwi nō Ihowā.
    Kaua mōna whakamā;
    Kia hau te ingoa;
    Kia tū hei tauira;
    Aotearoa.

Article 105National Flag

The New Zealand flag shall be a rectangular, landscaped shaped flag, consisting of a silver fern angled upward from the bottom left corner, dividing a black and blue background; with the Southern Cross represented by four red stars outlined by white, on the blue portion, to the right of the silver fern:

Proposed New Zealand flag: a silver fern dividing black and blue, with four red stars of the Southern Cross

Article 106Official Languages

The official languages of New Zealand are: English, Māori, and New Zealand Sign Language.

Article 107Legal Documentation Language

All legal documentation must be written in an official language of New Zealand.

Article 108Public Signage Language

All official public signage must be primarily in an official language of New Zealand.

Article 109Official Documentation Language

All official documentation and records (including public, commercial, and industrial) must be available in an official language of New Zealand.

Article 110Nuclear Free Zones

New Zealand territories shall be nuclear free zones, as determined by law; the principle of this, which shall only be overruled by public referendum, shall be:

  1. (a)

    to prevent nuclear explosive devices, or foreign nuclear-powered military craft, within New Zealand territory without express permission from the Head of State; and only to protect New Zealand from imminent attack or invasion; and

  2. (b)

    to prevent any private, commercial, or industrial, nuclear power sources within New Zealand territory which could pose a significant hazard or contamination risk to citizens or the environment.

Article 111National Emblem

The national emblem is the Silver Fern; every citizen has a right to use it in some form.

Article 112National Bird

The national bird is the Kiwi; it shall be legally protected to encourage its survival.

Article 113National Public Holidays

National public holidays shall include no less than:

New Zealand Day
New Year’s Day
Anzac Day
Good Friday
Easter Sunday
Matariki
Labour Day
Christmas Day

Article 114Essential Services on Public Holidays

Only non-retail essential services (as determined by law), may operate on Anzac Day, Good Friday, Easter Sunday, or Christmas Day.

Article 115Trade Restrictions on Public Holidays

Any business found guilty of trade on Anzac Day, Good Friday, Easter Sunday, or Christmas Day, shall forfeit any revenue taken on that day: The RSA shall retain a permanent exemption to this rule for both Anzac Day and Christmas Day.

Article 116Protection of Holiday Commemorations

Commemorations or celebrations for any of the national public holidays shall never be inhibited, prevented, or outlawed.

Article 117Legal Commodities and Activities

Baring specific, temporary, local restrictions, in cases of necessity, to prevent or quarantine specific incidents, such as spread of disease or serious environmental impact:

  1. (a)

    Alcohol shall be a legal commodity.

  2. (b)

    Farming and consumption of animal products shall be legal; including but not limited to: cattle, swine, sheep, deer, fowl, rabbit, goat, possum, fish, and insects.

  3. (c)

    Traditional cooking methods shall be permitted, including; barbecue, spit-roast, and hāngi.

  4. (d)

    Tobacco shall be a legal commodity.

  5. (e)

    Seafood shall be a legal commodity.

  6. (f)

    Sporting activity shall be legal; including fishing and hunting.

  7. (g)

    Citizens shall not be impeded from camping, or tramping in public wilderness areas.

  8. (h)

    Ownership of pets shall be legal.

  9. (i)

    Ownership of livestock shall be legal.

Article 118Humane Treatment of Animals

Animals shall be kept and treated humanely; and shall likewise, when the need arises, be put-down in an efficient and humane manner.

Article 119Right to Consumer Fireworks

The purchase, possession, and use, of consumer fireworks shall be permitted.

Article 120Right to Create and Possess Art

The creation and possession of art shall always be legal; but must not be in breach of other reasonable laws or regulations, especially related to public health and safety.

Article 121Right to Create and Possess Music

The creation and possession of music shall be legal.

Article 122Traditional Building Rights

To safeguard the historic social and architectural aesthetic of New Zealand as a bicultural nation:

  1. (a)

    the construction of any traditional building or monument found on a marae is permitted.

  2. (b)

    the construction of waka taua, waka ama, and other traditional craft, is permitted.

  3. (c)

    the construction of churches is permitted.

  4. (d)

    the construction of huts and baches is permitted.

  5. (e)

    the construction of tree-houses is permitted.

  6. (f)

    the construction of sleep-outs is permitted.

  7. (g)

    the construction of minarets is prohibited.

Article 123Right to Fundraising

Fundraising shall be permitted.

Article 124Tax Exemption for Donations

Donations and gifts shall not be taxed.

Article 125Tax Exemption for Inheritances

Inheritances shall not be taxed.

Article 126Traditional Social Enterprise Activities

Traditional social activities of enterprise, including:

  1. (a)

    garage-sales or lemonade-stands; and;

  2. (b)

    fundraising raffles, bake-sales, sausage sizzles, or market stalls; and

  3. (c)

    school or church fairs; and

  4. (d)

    busking; and

  5. (e)

    non profit or charity events;

shall be permitted, and exempt from usual business regulations and taxes; volunteers shall also be legally protected from suit in all cases except gross negligence or commission of a crime.

Article 127Dignity of the Deceased

Just as appropriate dignity is afforded to the living, so likewise shall appropriate dignity be given to the deceased; the desecration of bodies, grave sites, or war memorials, is an offence; punishable more severely than just the vandalistic nature of the offence alone.

Article 128Immigration Rate Limits

Yearly immigration and/or migration rates into New Zealand shall never exceed 1% of the total number of citizens.

Article 129Immigration Priority

Immigration priority shall be given to those who:

  1. (a)

    are married to a New Zealand citizen; then

  2. (b)

    are an immediate relative of a New Zealand citizen; then

  3. (c)

    are of economic benefit, and hold similar cultural values, to New Zealand; then

  4. (d)

    anyone else.

Article 130Rights of Spouses and Adopted Children

Spouses or legally adopted children of New Zealand born and descendent citizens, under the responsibility and protection of their citizen spouse or adoptive parent(s), shall have the right to reside in New Zealand, and be granted the same privileges as permanent residents; they may likewise also be issued with a temporary New Zealand passport to facilitate initial travel to New Zealand.

Article 131Asylum Conditions

Asylum shall be granted under the following conditions:

  1. (a)

    A refugee quota shall be set during each calendar year by the federal government, and ratified by a senate majority.

  2. (b)

    The number of persons granted asylum shall not exceed the total permitted immigration quota, and shall also be counted as part of that quota.

  3. (c)

    Asylum shall only be granted to those at genuine risk of harm.

  4. (d)

    Refugee priority shall be given to those with similar cultural values to New Zealand.

  5. (e)

    Asylees, and any non-citizen children borne by them while under a status of protection, shall depart New Zealand if or when the risk for which they were granted protection is no longer present.

  6. (f)

    All refugees shall, as soon as practicable, be granted special residency to allow them to work, to own a business, to travel when necessary to and from the realm, and to access services not normally afforded to visitors; but they shall not have the right to vote.

  7. (g)

    Children born to asylees while in New Zealand shall also be granted special residency; but shall not have right to New Zealand citizenship unless it has been first granted to at least one of their parents or guardians.

  8. (h)

    Refugees, while holding special residency, shall not be extradited without their consent, to the place from which they have fled harm, or to any place that poses a clear threat of harm towards them.

  9. (i)

    Refugees shall neither be granted permanent residence, nor citizenship, unless they have resided in New Zealand for more than 10 years.

  10. (j)

    A non-naturalised New Zealand citizen may volunteer to sponsor up to four refugees from the same family at any one time, and in doing so shall undertake responsibility for the basic needs of those sponsored.

  11. (k)

    Further refugees cannot be sponsored by the same citizen unless the previously sponsored refugees are no longer under their sponsorship.

  12. (l)

    Refugees shall be treated as guests while in New Zealand, and shall be looked after accordingly; but they shall likewise be expected to uphold the tenants of the constitution in order to remain under the protection of the realm, and to continue to reside therein.

Article 132Minority Rights Protection

Laws and regulations shall take in to account the situation of minority groups, and reasonably protect their rights and interests, but shall not favour the minority to the detriment of the majority.

Article 133Parliamentary Prayer

The parliamentary prayer shall be retained and recited by the House of Representatives; this shall be done in order to uphold a sense of tradition, and to remind elected officials, not only of our history as a nation, but also of their need for humility in the undertaking of their roles.

SECTION TWO: FORMATION AND DUTIES OF GOVERNMENT

Government Establishment

Article 134Governing Authority as Privilege

Governing authority is a privilege, granted to governing entities and elected officials by the people; both local and federal government are answerable to the citizens of New Zealand.

Article 135Amendment of State Privileges

Any privileges extended to the state by the citizens of New Zealand, may be amended or revoked at any time by way of referendum.

Article 136Government Arms Ownership

Ownership and use of arms by government agencies is a regulated privilege; extended to the state by the citizens of New Zealand.

Article 137Taxation as Privilege

The ability of governing bodies to impose taxes on private citizens, is a regulated privilege; extended to the state by the citizens of New Zealand.

Article 138Special Powers as Privilege

Special powers, authority, or leeway granted to Police, Military, security and intelligence agencies, or essential services, are a regulated privilege; extended to state entities by the citizens of New Zealand.

Article 139Purpose of Government

Government shall exist for the express purpose of facilitating the natural rights and freedoms of citizens, and ensuring the smooth running of the country.

The primary roll of governing bodies shall therefore be to act as administrators, with the specific aim of improving the lives of citizens and supporting the wellbeing of families within the nation; striving always to ensure that restrictions on citizens are be kept to the necessary minimum required to encourage a peaceful and prosperous society.

Article 140Government Regulatory Duties

Government shall work to remove arbitrary regulations wherever necessary to promote constitutional freedoms, or encourage local enterprise; and to establish or update law in order to protect the people from exploitation, manipulation, or oppression.

Parliament shall discuss, debate, and vote, on submitted ballot items which are related to minor legislative changes; corrections; or updates to current laws; as required from time to time due to the emergence of new technologies, systems, processes, or emergencies.

Structure of Government

Article 141Division of National Governance

National Governance shall be divided into three branches:

  1. (1)

    Legislative

  2. (2)

    Certification

  3. (3)

    Judicial

Article 142Legislative Branch Composition

The Legislative branch shall consist of a parliamentary House of Representatives.

Article 143House of Representatives Composition

The House of Representatives shall consist of a standard total of 70 elected members; all of whom must be at least 25 years of age at the time of their election: Allowance shall exist for up to 3 additional members if required, to ensure more accurate and fair division of the vote; especially when necessary to facilitate broader representation of parties in The House.

Article 144House Conduct and Accountability

The House of Representatives shall introduce, debate, and vote, on legislation changes, in an open and honest manner, without obfuscation; any reasonable, clear, direct question, asked in The House, shall be answered likewise; any member failing to do so shall be ordered to leave at the discretion of the Speaker of the House, and shall forfeit their salary for the day.

Article 145Formation of Federal Government

From the members of the parties elected to the House of Representatives, shall be formed the Federal Government.

Article 146Government Majority Requirement

The Federal Government must retain a majority of the seats in the House of Representatives.

Article 147Government Structure Limits

The core governing structure of Federal government shall include a total of no more than:

  1. (a)

    30 government departments at any one time; and

  2. (b)

    55 ministerial portfolios at any one time; not preventing the existence of deputy ministers; and

  3. (c)

    a single further department for emergencies, under which, up to 3 emergency entities and 3 emergency reserve portfolios may be created when required;

all of which shall be separate to the autonomous and independent entities of the Fern.

Article 148Emergency Reserve Portfolios

Emergency reserve portfolios shall be temporary; enacted only for cases of national emergencies or disasters, for a period of up to 8 years; and shall require approval of the Governor-General or the Supreme Court.

Article 149Senate Composition

The Certification branch shall consist of a Senate of elected members; who must be ordinarily resident in the province for which they are elected, and be at least 30 years of age at the time of their election.

Article 150Senate Membership

Two Senators shall be elected from each Province, to form a Senate of 30 initial members.

Article 151Senate Approval Requirements

Any legislation produced by the House of Representatives which:

  1. (a)

    removes rights or protections from private New Zealand entities; and/or

  2. (b)

    increases or expands powers of governmental entities; and/or

  3. (c)

    imposes restrictions, regulations, requirements, punishments, or new taxes or fees, on current or future citizens; and/or

  4. (d)

    imposes fundamental or significant changes, as determined by the Supreme Court, on the functional structure of the 3rd branch of goverment;

shall require majority approval of the Senate.

Article 152Judicial Branch Composition

The Judicial branch shall consist of:

  1. (a)

    A Supreme Court of 7 Justices; who must be at least 30 years of age at the time of their appointment: supported by

  2. (b)

    The High Court of each Province; and

  3. (c)

    The District Courts; and

  4. (d)

    The Law Society and its members.

Article 153Supreme Court Justice Appointment

Supreme Court Justices shall be nominated by the Head of State when a vacancy occurs; the nomination(s) shall then be confirmed or rejected by a Senate majority, whose duty it shall be to determine that the nominee will uphold the Constitution as written and intended: One of the Supreme Court Justices shall be selected by the Governor-General as the Chief Justice; this shall occur every 10 years, or when the position becomes vacant: Each Justice shall retain their appointment unless convicted of a crime, or until they freely resign, or unless ailment renders them unable to reasonably fulfil their duties; in all cases, the Governor-General must approve and confirm their seat as vacant, before a new Justice may be appointed to that seat; but this shall not be unnecessarily delayed.

Article 154Supreme Court Authority

The Supreme Court, as the highest court of the realm, shall have authority to interpret and rule on constitutional matters; and at any time overrule any unconstitutional legislation.

Article 155Right to Constitutional Review

Every New Zealand citizen, business, organisation, or institution, shall have the right to bring any constitutional matter before the Supreme Court.

Private citizens may also file a personal request with the Supreme Court for an answer to a basic and reasonable constitutional question; such requests:

  1. (a)

    shall be formatted in a manner determined by the Supreme Court for ease of processing; and

  2. (b)

    shall be at a cost of no more than one weeks wages, based on the average wage; and

  3. (c)

    may be answered by an individual Supreme Court Justice; unless the question specifically requires more than one; and

  4. (d)

    shall not legally bind the nation, nor a Supreme Court Justice, in any way based upon the answer given; and

  5. (e)

    while not creating official statute or precedent, may be used by an individual as evidence in legal matters pertaining to them, in lower courts; and shall be given due weight; and

the number of requests permitted within a given timeframe may be set by the Supreme Court to facilitate processing and workload, or to control abuse of the right.

Article 156Governor-General Election

The Senate shall elect a Governor-General who shall act as a secondary Head of State.

Article 157Governor-General Confirmation

Confirmation of the appointment of the Governor-General shall require majority approval of the Supreme Court.

Article 158Governor-General Term

The Governor-General shall be appointed for a term of five years.

Article 159Governor-General Removal

The Governor-General may only be removed by order of the Supreme Court.

Article 160Senate Chairperson Election

The House of Representatives shall elect the Chairperson of the Senate.

Article 161Speaker of the House Election

The Senate shall elect the Speaker of the House.

Article 162Governor-General Transition Role

The Governor-General shall act as the Senate Chairperson, Speaker of the House, and Head of State, during any transition periods.

Article 163Governor-General Citizenship Requirement

The Governor-General must be a New Zealand born citizen.

Article 164Dissolution of Federal Government

The Governor-General shall dissolve the Federal Government:

  1. (a)

    at the end of each governmental term; or

  2. (b)

    if the current Federal Government is without a seat majority in the House of Representatives for a period of 30 consecutive days; or more than twice during a parliamentary term; or

  3. (c)

    if instructed to do so by citizens through referendum; or

  4. (d)

    in cases of emergency including gross negligence or corruption of government.

Article 165Chief Ombudsman Appointment

The Governor-General shall appoint a Chief Ombudsman.

Article 166Chief Ombudsman Term

The Chief Ombudsman shall be appointed for a period of up to 5 years at any one time; and shall only be removed by order of the Supreme Court.

Article 167Provincial Governors

A Governor shall be elected for each Province by way of public vote; reasonable duties and authority of Governors shall be set by federal law, but shall include:

  1. (a)

    approving and signing, or rejecting, federal legislation on behalf of the Province; following consultation with State Congress;

  2. (b)

    issuing of pardons for offences within the Province where reasonable and appropriate;

  3. (c)

    declaring Provincial emergencies;

  4. (d)

    jurisdiction to close State borders for up to three consecutive months at a time during Provincial emergencies;

  5. (e)

    oversight of the Provincial budget;

  6. (f)

    oversight of the Provincial Congress as its president;

  7. (g)

    casting a deciding vote when required to break a tie in the State Congress.

  8. (h)

    appointing a State Attorney General, for a period of up to 5 years.

  9. (i)

    acting as chairperson, or at their discretion appointing another to act as chairperson, during Congressional inquiries and investigations.

The State Governors of each Province shall (at their own discretion) convene with the other State Governors of their respective island in times of emergency (or on other occasions as reasonably necessary); to discuss matters related to their respective islands and the implementation of any emergency procedures therein.

Article 168Provincial Congress

Each Province shall have a Congress of elected members; replacing any previous regional councils; The Congress of each Provincial State shall consist of:

  1. (a)

    2 members elected from each district within the Province; unless the Province has fewer than 3 districts; in which case 3 members shall be elected from each district, plus 1 extra member elected for every 100,000 residents of the Province; and

  2. (b)

    the Senators elected from the Province; and

  3. (c)

    the Provincial Governor.

The Congress, as the State Government, shall have initial powers set in federal law by the House of Representatives, and these powers shall be consistent throughout the nation; Congressional powers in each Province shall subsequently only be amended by public referendum within that Province. Initial powers shall ensure that the sovereignty of the Province is respected, especially in relation to regional development and use of resources; while protecting the reasonable right of federal entities and services to exist and function within a Province.

The Congress, as the State Government, shall have administrative authority to allocate provincial funding to their respective districts as required, and sufficient power, but not obligation, to overrule District Councils when necessary for the common good of the Province; such overruling action shall require a two thirds majority.

Each State Congress shall hear issues raised by citizens and other legal entities within their Province, whether in person, or by written submission; The Congress shall convene at least once per month to vote on the presented or submitted issues, and any other current concerns, within the Province.

Each State Congress shall set clear and reasonable basic foundational rules for the establishment of new districts within their State.

Nothing shall prevent neighbouring Provinces, by mutual agreement, to generally realign borders, or to purchase, sell, swap, or exchange, areas of public land bordering a neighbouring State; if or when required to ease division or management of territory, or to facilitate infrastructure requirements.

Members of Congress shall have the right to enter publicly restricted areas of federal and provincial buildings within their State, in order to investigate and report on raised issues.

Article 169Federal Funding Allocation

Federal income and taxes shall be used to fund core services including:

  1. (a)

    The House of Representatives;

  2. (b)

    The Senate;

  3. (c)

    Provincial Councils;

  4. (d)

    Public hospitals;

  5. (e)

    Public schools;

  6. (f)

    Essential infrastructure;

  7. (g)

    Essential services;

  8. (h)

    National defence.

Article 170Protection of Federal Funding

Federal funding shall not be reduced as a result of any provincial or local funding supplied towards education, medical facilities, essentials services, infrastructure, or defence.

Article 171Provincial State Boards

Each Province, at the direction of Congress, shall have the authority to establish, or disestablish, State boards for Education, Health, Environmental Issues, Natural Resources and Civil Defence; these boards shall each consist of up to 11 elected members, and shall have jurisdiction to overrule or replace federally established counterparts acting within the Province.

Election

Article 172Electoral Commission Authority

An independent Electoral Commission shall organise, oversee, and run, election processes, in a clear and secure, but procedurally transparent, manner:

  1. (a)

    The Electoral Commission shall ensure that all persons eligible to vote are able to do so, but only those eligible are able; if required, by reasonable means of identification, provided the anonymity of the vote itself remains intact.

  2. (b)

    Electors shall have the right to be witness of vote counts, to ensure the integrity of the vote; reasonable limits and restrictions may however be enforced to facilitate the practical nature of the count, and to prevent interference.

  3. (c)

    The Electoral Commission shall publish and update guidelines and rules as required; and ensure that all political regulations, benefits, and restrictions, apply consistently to all political parties and candidates; including for funding, and for debates.

  4. (d)

    Any political debate, intended for public broadcast, which is organised, run, or produced, by a publicly owned or funded entity, shall be required by law to make provision for any and all registered political parties, or candidates, to participate; it shall be permissible for several seperate debates to be arranged, if necessary to practically accomodate all participants.

  5. (e)

    Ballots shall be kept for a period of no less than 1 year from the date of the election, to allow for verification or recount if required.

  6. (f)

    If reasonable suspicion is raised, or suitable evidence is found, of:

    1. (1)

      election fraud; or

    2. (2)

      manipulation of the vote; or

    3. (3)

      a miscount; or

    4. (4)

      inclusion of invalid votes;

    all available information or evidence related to the issue shall be immediately made public; and the vote shall be recounted under strict and public supervision as determined by law.

Article 173Election Timing and Duration

The date of each federal election shall be set by the Governor-General; but elections for the House of Representatives, and the Senate, shall not occur within 12 months of each other; except for cases of necessary bi-elections due to non standard vacancy of a position.
Voting in federal elections, with the exception of special votes, shall not take place over a period of more than 3 days.
Voting in Provincial elections, with the exception of special votes, shall not take place over a period of more than 9 days.
Voting in local body elections, with the exception of special votes, shall not take place over a period of more than 15 days.

Article 174Parliamentary Terms

Parliamentary terms shall be four years; this shall include the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the Provincial Council.

Article 175Federal Election Method

Elections for the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the Provincial Council, shall be conducted by way of a single transferable vote.

Article 176Local Election Method

Local body elections shall be conducted by way of a single transferable vote.

Article 177Election Structure

Elections for the House of Representatives shall be party based; the threshold to gain a seat in the House of Representatives shall be set by the Electoral Commission, at a level of no more than 2.5% of the total vote:

Elections for all other levels and positions of government shall be candidate based.

Article 178Citizenship Requirements for Office

Every elected official must be a New Zealand citizen, and must not intentionally hold citizenship of any other nation while in office.

Article 179Voluntary Voting

Every eligible person shall be encouraged to vote; but no one may be compelled to vote in federal, provincial, or local elections.

Article 180Time to Vote

Everyone must be granted, without penalty, reasonable time away from work or other obligations in order to vote.

Article 181Head of State Citizenship Requirement

The position of Head of State shall only be held by someone who is a New Zealand citizen by birth or descent.

Article 182Prime Minister Election Process

A Prime Minister shall be elected as the primary Head of State in the following manner:

  1. (a)

    once the Federal Government has been formed, the largest party making up the Government shall nominate 3 willing candidates from the current members of Parliament; then

  2. (b)

    a ballot shall be created, which includes the 3 nominees selected by the Federal Government, and a blank space for an alternative nominee to be entered; and

  3. (c)

    any alternative nominee entered on the ballot must be an Independent candidate, not associated with any political party; and

  4. (d)

    in order to be eligible for nomination, Independent candidates must not have been a member or a candidate for any other political party within the last 10 years; and

  5. (e)

    an official list of eligible Independent candidates who are willing to be nominated, shall be maintained by the Electoral Commission;

  6. (f)

    a nationwide vote shall be held, and the nominee with the most votes shall be elected as the Head of State;

  7. (g)

    if the Head of State is legally removed from their position; or resigns, and does not call for a new ballot to be held; the Deputy Head of State shall become the Head of State, and the Federal Government shall select a new Deputy Head of State.

Article 183Federal Government Citizenship Requirement

Only citizens by birth or descent may be elected to federal government.

Article 184House of Representatives Term Limits

No one may hold a position as a member of the House of Representatives for more than two consecutive terms; and for no more than four terms in total between the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Article 185Senate and Provincial Term Limits

No one may hold a position as a member of the Senate, or Provincial Council, or as Provincial Governor, for more than two consecutive terms; and for no more than four terms in total across any of the aforementioned positions.

Article 186Ministerial Portfolio Term Limits

No one may hold a Ministerial portfolio for more than three consecutive terms; and for no more than four terms in total.

Article 187Prohibition of Foreign Election Donations

Election donations may not be accepted from any foreign entity.

Article 188Election Expenditure Limits

Total election expenditure shall be controlled by the Electoral Commission, but shall not exceed:

  1. (a)

    25 times the median wage; for any political party;

  2. (b)

    5 times the median wage; for any Senate candidate;

  3. (c)

    1.5 times the median wage for any other candidate.

Article 189Candidate Registration Fee

The fee for standing as a candidate for an elected position shall not exceed the equivalent of 2 days of income based on the average wage.

Article 190Political Party Registration Fee

The fee for listing a political party for election shall not exceed the equivalent of one week of income based on the average wage.

Article 191Voting Rights of Incarcerated Persons

Incarcerated persons may not vote; unless:

  1. (a)

    the total prison population exceeds 1% of the total population; in which case anyone incarcerated for a non-violent offence shall have the right to vote; or

  2. (b)

    the total prison population exceeds 5% of the total population; in which case all persons regardless of crime shall have the right to vote.

Article 192Titles for Elected Officials

Elected officials shall not be given any special or honourary titles other than the name of the position held.

Article 193Oath of Office

All elected officials shall take an oath of office; swearing to uphold the constitution, and acknowledging that they are answerable to the citizens of the country.

Article 194Accountability for Campaign Promises

Promises made to the public in order to gain election, must be fulfilled if the elected person or party has the theoretical ability to do so; failure to fulfil a promise (except for reasons of national disaster, war, or major economic recession, which directly prevent the fulfilment of the promise), shall be an offence, and

  1. (a)

    The Supreme Court shall decide the legitimacy of any exceptions; and

  2. (b)

    the offence shall carry a penalty of a fine of half the election expenditure of the candidate or party who made the promise; and

  3. (c)

    if found guilty, the candidate or party shall forfeit 10% of their votes in the next election in which they run.

Article 195Compensation for Ministers and Officials

With the exception of the Head of State, no minister or elected official, either in national or local government shall be paid more than double the current median wage: excluding a bonus of no more than 25% of the current median wage for each ministerial portfolio for which they are responsible.

Article 196Compensation for Head of State

The Head of State shall be paid no more than three times the current median wage: excluding a bonus of no more than 25% of the current median wage for each ministerial portfolio for which they are responsible.

Article 197Public Expense Limits for Elected Officials

The total annual expenses covered by public funds for any elected person, shall be controlled by an Act of parliament, but shall not exceed:

  1. (a)

    1.5 times the median wage for any elected person, except a Provincial Governor, who does not hold a ministerial portfolio in the Federal Government.

  2. (b)

    Twice the median wage for any elected person who does hold a ministerial portfolio in the Federal Government; or who holds the position of a Provincial Governor.

  3. (c)

    Three times the median wage for the Head of State or Deputy Head of State.

Article 198Post-Office Benefits Prohibition

No member of public office, upon ceasing to hold their elected position, shall receive any benefit paid for by public funds, which is not afforded to ordinary citizens.

Government Responsibilities, Regulations, Restrictions, and Conditions; and Rule of Law

Article 199Government Entity Accessibility

Government entities shall:

  1. (a)

    be named in a manner which allows their purpose to be reasonably understood by the average citizen; and

  2. (b)

    be contactable during normal business hours; and

  3. (c)

    supply clear information regarding processes and procedures for a member of the public requiring given action from that entity.

Article 200National Defence Obligations

Government shall maintain military forces and/or equipment to reasonably protect the nation; and such forces shall have the authority and autonomy necessary to do so.

Article 201Border Security Obligations

Government shall maintain border security, especially at ports of entry, to sufficiently protect the fundamental social and economic integrity of the nation: Government shall be granted the necessary powers and authority to effectively fulfil this duty.

Article 202Military Deployment Authorization

Deployment of military forces to any area outside New Zealand territory, or to control citizens and residents within New Zealand territory, must be approved by the Governor-General, or by a Senate majority, or by the Supreme Court.

Article 203Defence Duty of Personnel

All military personnel, police officers, intelligence agents, and civilians, have a moral duty and right to act in defence of the nation if it is under imminent attack or invasion.

Article 204Foreign Military Operations

Foreign military personnel shall only be allowed to operate within New Zealand territory with consent from:

  1. (a)

    the Head of State, Deputy Head of State, or Minister of Defence; and

  2. (b)

    the head of the armed forces; and

  3. (c)

    the Governor of the Province in which they are operating.

Anyone suspected of being a member a foreign military or government organisation, acting in New Zealand territory without permission, may be rightfully arrested or detained until the legality of their presence can be confirmed.

Article 205Allied Military Permissions

New Zealand allies may be granted ongoing permission to limited military operation within New Zealand territory until such time as it is expressly removed.

Article 206Time to Leave Territory

Anyone denied permission to be in New Zealand territory shall be granted reasonable time to leave.

Article 207Federal Government Assets

Federal Government shall own, and/or run, and/or invest in, assets or other enterprises, on behalf of the people, for the purposes of:

  1. (a)

    generating income to pay for public services; reducing the tax burden on citizens and residents; and

  2. (b)

    ensuring a basic level of market competition if required, especially in key areas at greatest risk of exploitation or monopolisation;

If federal assets or enterprises are to be sold, whether in full or in part, at least 75% of the proceeds from the sale of those investments must be either reinvested into another federally owned asset or enterprise, used to pay down public debt, or returned to the citizens of the nation; unless otherwise approved by public referendum.

Article 208Local Government Assets

Local governments and councils shall own or invest in, assets and/or businesses on behalf of constituents, in order to generate income to help pay for public services; thereby reducing any local taxes or rates paid by local constituents or businesses.

Article 209Business Taxation Principles

Government shall legislate where necessary to appropriately ensure that:

  1. (a)

    every business deriving a profit shall pay tax in some form; and

  2. (b)

    businesses shall be taxed fairly; and

  3. (c)

    businesses of like nature shall be taxed in like manner; and

  4. (d)

    no business shall be forced by law to conduct trade; and

  5. (e)

    no business shall be unduly prevented from reasonable commerce.

Article 210Tax Transparency

Every tax must be listed and numbered; the application and scope, as well as amount of each tax, must be clearly defined and stated.

Article 211Reasonable Tax Burden

No tax, levy, or other charge, shall be imposed which places a burden exceeding the recipient’s ability to reasonably meet.

Article 212Tax Value Limitation

No tax on an item may be greater than the reasonable principle value of that item.

Article 213Prohibition of Tax on Tax

No tax may be charged on another tax of any kind.

Article 214Tax on Received Income Only

No tax may be levied on income which has not been received.

Article 215Taxation of Investment Profits

Private citizens shall not be taxed on the profit, of any portion of an investment made using funds which have already been taxed; nor shall citizens be taxed on the profit of any investment unless losses may also be deducted from the same said investment.

Article 216Personal Import Tax Exemption

Citizens shall not be taxed on the importation of goods for legitimate personal use; though a reasonable fee may be imposed to cover the actual cost of the inspection process at borders.

Article 217Public Road Fee Prohibition

No local or federal government may charge fees for the use of a public road; nor for the use of any highway, or part thereof, paid for by public funds; public toll roads may also only exist where there is an alternative route available.

Article 218Public Road Access Rights

Private vehicles and draught animals shall be permitted on public roads and highways; likewise persons and pets shall be permitted to transit along the sides of such roadways, and also in any public spaces where doing so has not be specifically prohibited.

Article 219Local Body Rates Increase Limits

Local body rates shall not be increased in any one year, by more than 1.5% above the official inflation rate established by the Reserve Bank, without a specific vote on the increase by rates payers.

Article 220Local Body Rates on Vacant Land

Local body rates shall not be charged on privately owned residential land which does not contain consented buildings; nor for services which are not provided; this shall not however prevent the charging of a reasonable cost covering fee for the use of specific utilities.

Article 221Zero Addition System of Law

New Zealand shall run on a zero addition system of law; for a new law to be introduced, except by way of Citizens Initiated Referenda, an existing law must be simultaneously removed; and:

  1. (a)

    Whenever a new law is proposed; the law which is to be removed must also be stated; and

  2. (b)

    Laws and regulations shall be reasonable, logical, and coherent; written in plain language, so they may be clearly understood by the average citizen.

Article 222Law Numbering Requirement

Every law must be listed and numbered; sub clauses of laws may be lettered: Any law without a specific reference number shall be invalid and unenforceable.

Article 223Public Access to Laws

Copies of all laws must be available for public review, free of charge, at suitable locations within the realm.

Article 224Legal Contract Database

A record or database of suitable basic legal contracts for common situations, shall be established and maintained for free access and use by the public.

Article 225Public Submission Requirements

Government must allow a minimum of one month for public submissions in relation to any proposed legislation that removes a right, or imposes any additional restrictions, penalties, or responsibilities, on private citizens; and

  1. (a)

    the proposed legislative change(s) must be publicly advertised; and

  2. (b)

    no change shall be enacted during, or within one month following the conclusion of, a declared provincial or national emergency; unless it is directly and specifically related to the emergency; and

  3. (c)

    any legislation passed in relation to an emergency shall cease to be law after one month following the conclusion of the emergency; and

  4. (d)

    except in cases of emergency; if less than 3 months are granted for the submission process, it must not be initiated within the last two months of the year; and

  5. (e)

    the submission period shall not overlap with the submission period of any other proposed legislative change(s); and

  6. (f)

    if more than two thirds of the submissions do not support the proposed change(s), whether fully or in part, the advancement of the bill shall be:

    1. (1)

      cancelled; or

    2. (2)

      postponed until after the next federal election; at which time the submission process shall be reestablished if the bill is to continue; or

    3. (3)

      put to binding public referendum.

Article 226Statement of Purpose Requirement

Any new legislation must be accompanied by a statement of purpose for the law change; if, after 10 years of the law being in place, the purpose has not been realised in any demonstrably significant or meaningful way; the law shall become null and void, and the law shall revert to its previous state.

Article 227Regulation Effectiveness Requirement

Any Federally or Provincially imposed safety or environmental regulation, must show a demonstrable outcome or achieved beneficial result, greater than a 2% difference in improvement for a given type of actual harm, for that regulation to retain any enforceability under the law.

Article 228Emergency Powers Limitation

Any extension of powers granted to government or governmental entities during a state of emergency, shall immediately cease upon declaration of the emergency ending.

Article 229Binding Nature of Referenda

All referenda are legally binding on government.

Article 230Referendum Veto Power

Any local, Provincial, Federal, or Senate decision, may be vetoed by way of citizens initiated referenda.

Article 231Veto Referendum Threshold

A citizens initiated referendum to veto a law change, may be brought forward with signatures amounting to 2% of eligible voters.

Article 232Citizens Initiated Law

Citizens may introduce new law by way of referendum, and:

  1. (a)

    such law shall not be subject to debate by the House of Representatives; but

  2. (b)

    a Senate majority or the Governor-General may request the Supreme Court to adjust or amend the wording of the submitted law for the purpose of clarity, provided the intent is not changed; before the referendum vote is held.

Article 233Citizen Right to Amend Law

Citizens shall retain the right to amend and/or remove law, by way of referendum.

Article 234Law Change Referendum Threshold

A Citizens Initiated Referendum to introduce new law, amend current law, or to remove law, may be brought forward with signatures amounting to 5% of eligible voters.

Article 235Referendum Passage Threshold

The minimum threshold for any referendum to pass, and be bound in law, is 67%.

Article 236Constitutional Amendment Requirements

Amendments, additions, or removal, of an article of the Constitution shall require:

  1. (a)

    a public referendum with at least 85% support for the change; and

  2. (b)

    ratification by a Supreme Court majority that the change is not contradictory to other articles, nor to the intent of the Constitution.

Article 237Provincial Right to Reject Federal Legislation

Each Province has the right to reject federal legislation deemed detrimental to the wellbeing of the Province, or counter to the common good of the residents therein.

Article 238Provincial Secession or Joining

A Province may join or secede from the Federation under the following conditions:

  1. (a)

    a referendum must be held in which all residents of the Province over the age of 16 shall be required to vote; and

  2. (b)

    the threshold for the referendum to pass shall be no less than 80%; and

  3. (c)

    the secession or acceptance of inclusion must be countersigned by the Governor of another Province.

Article 239Citizen Right to Petition for Judge Removal

Citizens have the right to petition local or provincial authorities to remove a local or provincial court judge deemed by the people to be unfit; and mayors or provincial governors shall have authority to remove district court judges if so petitioned by a third of constituents over the age of 16.

Article 240Capital Location Review

Every ten years the senate shall vote on the location of the nation’s capital.

Article 241Provincial Public Holidays

Each Province shall set (or retain) their own regional public holiday.

Article 242Sheriff Election Requirement

In every region or district where a mayor is elected, so shall also be elected a Sheriff for that same area.

Article 243Sheriff Election Method

Sheriffs shall be elected by way of public vote.

Article 244Sheriff Term Length

Sheriffs shall be appointed for a period of 5 years.

Article 245Sheriff Jurisdiction

Sheriffs shall have jurisdiction and authority over the actions, duties, procedures, and conduct of police and other law enforcement agencies within their region or district.

Article 246Sheriff Deputy Appointment

Sheriffs shall have authority to appoint deputies.

Article 247Constitutional Compliance for Law Enforcement

No law enforcement officer shall be compelled to comply with, or enforce any law, ruling, or legislation which is contrary to the Constitution.

Article 248Law Enforcement Authority Limits

Law enforcement agencies and personnel shall never have ability or authority to make or decide law, other than in their capacity as voting citizens.

Article 249First Duty of Security Forces

The first duty of Police, Military, and other security or intelligence agencies, is to uphold The Constitution of New Zealand, and its integrity.

Article 250Second Duty of Security Forces

The second duty of Police, Military, and other security or intelligence agencies, is to protect the citizens and residents of New Zealand from those who act, or seek, to do physical harm.

Article 251Allegiance to Citizens

The allegiance of the Police, Military, and any other security or intelligence agencies, is foremost to the citizens of the nation; before allegiance to any governing body.

Article 252Duty to Protect Against Tyranny

The Police, Military, and intelligence services, have a moral right, and duty, to protect citizens against any form of tyrannical government.

Article 253Citizenship Requirements for Security Forces

All police officers, and regular military personnel, must be New Zealand or Australian citizens; reserve military forces may consist of non-citizens.

Article 254Police Impartiality Requirement

The essential integrity of the Police relies on them being impartial: The Police may not participate in a rally, event, protest, or parade, in any manner which implies support of any political, social, or religious ideology. The aforementioned shall not in any way prevent support for the Constitution as a whole, or a specific part thereof.

Article 255Police Parade Participation

Police officers may participate in ANZAC, Christmas, and New Zealand Day parades.

Article 256Individual Police Officer Rights

Individual Police officers, in their capacity as ordinary citizens, retain the freedom to attend events as they wish.

Article 257Police Rank Citizenship Requirements

Only citizens by birth or descent may hold a rank above Sergeant (or equivalent) in the police force; without a unanimous vote of the Senate.

Article 258Military Rank Citizenship Requirements

Only citizens by birth or descent may hold a rank above Major (or equivalent) in any military force; without a unanimous vote of the Senate.

Article 259Authority of Security Forces

Police, military, security and intelligence agencies, and essential services, shall be granted sufficient powers, authority, leeway, and use of force, to effectively and efficiently carry out their duties; provided they are not in breach of either the letter or intent of the Constitution.

Article 260Equipment Ownership Reciprocation

To prevent an imbalance of power, and to safeguard against corruption; an “equipment ownership and use reciprocation” shall exist between the state and citizens; ensuring that any form of equipment owned by, or used by the Police or other law enforcement agencies, may also be owned and used by citizens on private property.

Article 261Armed Personnel Balance

The total number of police and government security personnel permitted to carry or use arms in public, shall not exceed the number of open and conceal carry permits issued to civilian citizens.

Article 262Carry Permit Conditions

Provincial government, under the guidance of local sheriffs, shall have provision to set reasonable conditions for open and conceal carry permits.

Article 263Prohibition of Weapons of Mass Destruction

Possession, testing, or use, of nuclear and biological weapons is prohibited for any and all entities within New Zealand territories, including individuals, institutions, companies, and government agencies; with very limited exceptions, granted only if necessary, for research entities approved by the Supreme Court and the Senate, and overseen by the military, for the sole purpose of developing antidotes or countermeasures to such weapons, provided any protections developed are made available for the general public: The aforementioned conditions shall also apply to chemical weapons intended or designed to cause permanent harm or death.

Article 264Prohibition of Blanket Information Gathering

No governmental agency or entity shall have the right to gather personal information in any blanket manner; nor the right to spy on citizens or permanent residents without a warrant: this shall not however prevent the use of general security measures in public spaces or at borders; nor prevent the reasonable collation of statistical data for public dissemination.

Article 265Surveillance Restrictions

No governmental agency or entity shall have the right to monitor, surveil, or track, citizens or permanent residents, without reasonable suspicion of a crime being imminent or in progress.

Article 266Private Property Entry Restrictions

No governmental agency shall have the right to enter private property without:

  1. (a)

    permission of the owner of that property; or

  2. (b)

    need to ask a civil question as part of an inquiry; or

  3. (c)

    a valid arrest warrant for someone on or in the property; or

  4. (d)

    a search warrant issued by a validly appointed court or judge; or

  5. (e)

    reasonable evidence or belief of a crime being committed in or on that property; or

  6. (f)

    express purpose of saving property from significant damage; or

  7. (g)

    express purpose of saving a person or animal from serious injury or death.

Article 267Search Warrant Requirements

Every search warrant must:

  1. (a)

    clearly state the reason for the warrant; and

  2. (b)

    clearly state the scope of search allowed under the warrant; and

  3. (c)

    clearly state the validity period of the warrant; and

  4. (d)

    be presented to anyone subject to the warrant:

    1. (1)

      prior to a search commencing, if they are present; or

    2. (2)

      as soon as possible if they become present after a search has commenced.

Article 268Search Warrant Validity Period

The validity period of a search warrant shall not exceed 60 days; and genuine valid reason shall be required for subsequent search warrants to be issued for the same purpose.

Article 269Search Warrant Issuance Authority

No security or enforcement agency shall have the authority to issue its own search warrants.

Article 270Prohibition of Police Quotas

Policing shall be undertaken as required, no police officer shall be assigned any form of quota for processing a specific type of offence.

Article 271Prohibition of Compelled Information Gathering

Neither government, nor governmental agencies shall compel companies, organisations, or institutions to gather information in any blanket manner.

Article 272Financial and Medical Privacy

Financial and medical information of citizens is private; a warrant shall be required to investigate private financial or medical details.

Article 273Protection of Citizen Information from Foreign Entities

No information about a New Zealand citizen shall be supplied to any foreign government or other foreign entity, without the citizen’s knowledge; unless:

  1. (a)

    that person poses a relevant, imminent, and specific, threat (or potential threat) to others; or

  2. (b)

    the information is necessary for the rescue or recovery of the citizen.

Article 274Freedom of Movement Without Identification

Government shall not have authority to require citizens to carry identification in order to freely move in public, except under circumstances of official declaration of nationwide emergency or war; and only for the purpose of confirming citizenship: In such circumstances, spouses of New Zealand citizens shall have citizenship by proxy for all practical purposes if they do not hold it independently.

Article 275Protection of Physical Address Privacy

No government issued identification shall require or compel the inclusion of a physical address.

Article 276Consent Required for Personal Information

Citizens may grant permission to government agencies to keep and use personal information; government agencies do not have automatic or inherent right to personal information.

Article 277Biometric Data Retention Limits

Government shall have no right to permanently keep biometric data of any citizen who has not been justly convicted of, and imprisoned for, a crime.

Article 278Biometric Data Collection Restrictions

Police, military, security, and intelligence agencies, shall have no authority nor right to collect and keep any unique biometric data, from any New Zealand citizen, New Zealand permanent resident, or Australian citizen, not suspected of a crime; except for photographic images used in identification at borders, or secure facilities.

Article 279Biometric Data Usage Requirements

Any biometric data held by government agencies to facilitate particular citizen rights or freedoms; must:

  1. (a)

    only be held with express permission from that individual; unless that data is being held for the purpose of investigating or prosecuting a specific crime;

  2. (b)

    be relevant and necessary data to that facilitation;

  3. (c)

    be supplied to, or be reviewable by the individual upon request;

  4. (d)

    be destroyed in full, at the request of the individual;

  5. (e)

    be destroyed in part, at the request of the individual.

Article 280Private Sector Information Protection

Personal information held by any organisation, institution, or company, must:

  1. (a)

    only be held with express permission from the individual; unless that data is being held temporarily for a specific purpose relating to loss or crime prevention, or investigation and/or prosecution of a specific crime;

  2. (b)

    not be supplied to any foreign entity without express permission of the individual; unless that individual poses a genuine imminent threat to others, or the information is reasonably required to assist in the rescue of that individual;

  3. (c)

    be supplied to, or be reviewable by the individual upon request;

  4. (d)

    be destroyed in full at the request of the individual;

  5. (e)

    be destroyed in part, at the request of the individual.

Article 281Private Transaction Privacy

The government shall not make laws requiring the recording of personal information in relation to transactions conducted between private individuals.

Article 282Private Security Autonomy

The government shall not make laws requiring any person, nor legal entity, to undertake, enforce, or install security measures on private property.

Article 283Expedited Removal for Non-Residents

Standard legal process may be suspended for anyone who is not a citizen or permanent resident, in cases of serious or violent crimes, in order to remove them from New Zealand territory.

Article 284Deportation for Serious Crimes

Any visitor, immigrant, migrant, or refugee who commits a serious or violent crime while in New Zealand shall immediately, and without recourse, be subject to deportation. If a sentence is to be served in New Zealand, the offender shall be deported immediately upon conclusion of that sentence.

Article 285Illegal Entry Consequences

Anyone who knowingly enters New Zealand illegally shall be subject to deportation, and shall not be granted public funding for legal expenses.

Article 286Right to Historical and Scientific Information

No Government shall have the right to suppress information about, or inhibit access to any data, discoveries, or findings, relating to:

  1. (a)

    the history of New Zealand, any other nation, or the world in general;

  2. (b)

    natural, environmental, or humanitarian, disasters;

  3. (c)

    attacks or crimes of significant impact to the nation, that are not directly subject to court imposed information restrictions to protect the integrity of a legal proceeding;

  4. (d)

    scientific breakthroughs, endeavours, or developments, that are not classified as military secrets specifically to protect the security of the nation.

Article 287Protection of Historical Items

No Government shall have the right to prohibit, nor to destroy, any item of historical importance or significance without evidence of it posing a specific risk to citizens, and only with majority approval of the Senate or the Supreme Court.

Article 288Statistical Integrity Requirement

Accurate information being necessary to properly address issues within the nation:

Governing bodies have a responsibility to ensure that all official statistical information is as true, accurate, and comprehensive as possible. Statistical information shall not be suppressed, altered, or intentionally not recorded, in any manner which fundamentally manipulates factually relevant data; especially in relation to health, crime, income, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or disability.

Article 289Public Decency Standards

All levels of government (in order to uphold the moral integrity of society and New Zealand culture), may set reasonable standards of decency relating to public behaviour, advertising, and art: this shall not however permit the imposition of arbitrary or otherwise unreasonable standards of public behaviour upon any person or group.

Article 290Integration Standards for Residency

Federal government shall set reasonable societal integration standards for granting permanent residency and citizenship; this shall not however prevent the holding of dual citizenship.

Article 291Embassy Asylum and Assistance

Every New Zealand embassy shall provide asylum to New Zealand citizens in physical danger, and provide other reasonable assistance where able; including legal, visa, passport, and medical advice or assistance, especially in emergency situations. Foreign embassies within the realm of New Zealand shall be also granted the aforementioned abilities, in respect to their own citizens; and protection of the laws of their respective nations within embassy grounds.

Article 292Embassy Maternity Facilities

Every New Zealand embassy shall include at least basic maternity facilities to allow for citizens to be born in New Zealand territory if and when required.

Article 293Embassy Citizenship Requirements

A minimum of 50% of those employed in New Zealand embassies shall be New Zealand citizens.

Article 294Visa Agreement Authority

Federal Government shall have the authority to negotiate and implement visa agreements between New Zealand and other nations without recourse to the Senate or House of Representatives.

Article 295Immigration Officer Citizenship Requirement

All immigration and customs officers must be New Zealand citizens.

Article 296No Government Restriction on Education

No government shall have the ability or right to prevent citizens from pursuing education as preferred by the given individual (or the parents/guardians thereof); this shall not however prevent the establishment of reasonable rules, guidelines, or restrictions, if that education pursuit is likely to cause physical harm to others.

Article 297Right to Public Education

Every citizen is entitled to an adequate and publicly funded, basic primary and secondary education.

Article 298Accuracy of Education Standards

Any mandatory education standards set by legislation must be factually accurate, relevant to the given topic, and be free from political or social engineering, or inherent bias.

Article 299Access to Course Content

Publicly funded education institutions shall be required by law to supply information detailing course content of any or all subject matter, to parents, guardians, or adult students upon request.

Article 300Freedom of Research

Freedom of research is guaranteed: government shall not have the right to prevent private study of literary works, nor of any historic or current events.

Article 301National Infrastructure Standards

Federal government shall have the authority to establish nationwide standards for infrastructure where necessary to facilitate coordination between the Provinces.

Article 302Compulsory Acquisition of Property

Compulsory acquisition of property may only be undertaken by federal or provincial government, in accordance with the law, for:

  1. (a)

    necessary infrastructure; or

  2. (b)

    military installations of strategic significance to national defence; or

  3. (c)

    required relocation of residents after a state of emergency due to contamination or a national disaster;

and fair compensation must be paid promptly for the property.

Further to the aforementioned, any necessary relocation of burial plots by government entities shall also require approval of the Supreme Court.

Article 303Gambling and the National Lottery

Parliament may authorise or restrict gambling in the manner provided by law; the expectation shall remain that the Lotteries Commission will oversee the only national lottery, which shall continue to be run for the benefit of citizens and local communities.

Article 304Regulation of the Legal Profession

Parliament shall have the authority and responsibility to regulate the legal profession, including charging structures and pro-bono work, whenever deemed necessary to ensure both sufficient competition, and that its inherent power is not abused.

Article 305National Pharmaceutical Entity

A publicly owned national pharmaceutical entity shall exist to facilitate cost effective medication for anyone residing in New Zealand; the role of the entity shall not grant it an exclusive right or control over the development, importation, or distribution of medication.

Article 306Freedom and Responsibility of the Media

The media shall be free to investigate and disseminate information in an independent manner; but shall likewise bear a moral responsibility for accuracy in reporting; the media shall therefore exist under the following understanding:

  1. (a)

    government censorship is prohibited;

  2. (b)

    court imposed censorship to protect the integrity of legal cases shall be respected;

  3. (c)

    news media shall have a responsibility towards integrity and truth; deliberate misrepresentation of fact, blatant manipulation of data to distort the truth, or fabrication of information in order to deceive the wider public, shall be an offence requiring at the least, public retraction and/ or correction; but shall also render the media entity permanently ineligible for public funding.

  4. (d)

    entertainment media shall not be bound by the same conditions as news media, on the understanding that it distinguishes itself as entertainment;

  5. (e)

    statements of opinion shall be noted as such;

  6. (f)

    sources of funding shall be made public;

  7. (g)

    the media shall not be funded by any political organisation, nor any foreign government;

  8. (h)

    news media entities shall retain at least 75% New Zealand ownership;

  9. (i)

    the protection of sources is guaranteed;

  10. (j)

    foreign news media shall be granted the same reporting freedoms as local news media.

Article 307Head of State Appointment Powers

The Head of State shall have authority to:

  1. (a)

    appoint a Deputy Head of State; and

  2. (b)

    appoint government Ministers from the members of the House of Representatives; and

  3. (c)

    appoint suitable persons as government Ministers from outside of Parliament, who may be granted up to the equivalent of their full salary, each year, as a signing bonus, if appropriately experienced for the role; and

  4. (d)

    remove government Ministers if required; and

  5. (e)

    grant pardons; and

  6. (f)

    bestow Knighthoods and Damehoods without Senate approval, provided the recipient does not have history of offences against The Constitution; and

  7. (g)

    close external borders for up to three months without Senate approval, during times of domestic or international emergency; provided an emergency is officially declared, and the closure is publicly announced at least 48 hours prior; and

  8. (h)

    order the cancellation of visas, closure of foreign embassies, and/or removal of foreign nationals not under the direct responsibility and protection of a New Zealand citizen.

Article 308Removal of Knighthoods and Damehoods

Knighthoods and Damehoods shall only be removed by a majority decision of the Senate.

Article 309Environmental Protection

Intentional or negligent pollution of the environment, or intentional dumping of rubbish in a public place, is an offence; reasonable penalties shall be set to dissuade such behaviour. Exceptions shall exist for small organic biodegradable items unlikely to cause harm, which may reasonably be discarded in an appropriate location as common sense would allow; and for temporary placement of items intended for collection.

Article 310Surplus Military and Police Items

Any item, owned by a branch of the military or police, which is deemed surplus or in need of replacement, shall either:

  1. (a)

    be sold on the local or international market to recover some expense; or

  2. (b)

    be sold to citizens at a minimal rate, or given to citizens at no charge; provided it is not an item deemed prohibited for civilian use; or

  3. (c)

    as a last resort, be disposed of or destroyed: This shall not be undertaken if the item(s) can be reasonably used by citizens; unless there is a clear risk to national security..

Article 311Reserve Bank and Currency Issue

The New Zealand Reserve Bank shall be the central bank of the nation; and shall be the only bank with authority to create and issue New Zealand currency. It shall ensure that sufficient physical currency is available for any and all citizens who wish to use it for transactions.

Article 312Reserve Bank Independence and Ownership

The New Zealand Reserve Bank shall be independent from direct government or private control; and be fully and permanently publicly owned;

  1. (a)

    it cannot ever, even in part, be in private ownership;

  2. (b)

    it shall pursue a monetary policy that serves the overall interests of the nation;

  3. (c)

    it shall be administered with the cooperation, and under the supervision of The Federation.

Article 313Reserve Bank Monetary Assets

The New Zealand Reserve Bank, with the assistance of The Federation, shall undertake responsibility of acquiring and maintaining sufficient monetary assets to safeguard the underlying value of New Zealand currency; at least 50% of those assets must be a portable, durable, divisible, fungible, store of value, and be physically held within New Zealand.

Article 314Distribution of Reserve Bank Profits

A minimum of two thirds of the net profits made by the New Zealand Reserve Bank shall be allocated to the Provinces; and shall be divided evenly between those Provinces.

Article 315Reduction of Public Debt

All levels of government are obligated by law to minimise and reduce, or eliminate, public debt.

Article 316Federal Public Debt Limits

Federal public debt may only be extended by unanimous Senate decision; and the debt must be temporary.

Article 317Voter Permission for Regional Debt

All non federal levels of government are required by law to seek voter permission to increase regional or local public debt.

Article 318Public Funds to Foreign Entities

No public funds shall be donated to any foreign entity without unanimous approval from the Senate.

Article 319Public Record of Government Accounts

Local, Provincial, and Federal, governmental revenue and expenditure details are matters of public record; citizens shall have access to annual governmental accounts of income and expenditure information; including for all state owned enterprises, and government entities or departments.

Article 320Security Agency Accounts and Audits

Military and security or intelligence agencies may legally supply a limited overview of accounts to the public record, in the interests of national security; but shall still be subject to full or partial public audits if so ordered by the Supreme Court or by unanimous Senate decision.

Article 321Restriction of Foreign Fund Outflows

The Federal Government shall have authority to restrict the flow of funds out of the nation by any foreign owned entity as deemed necessary or beneficial for New Zealand.

Article 322Freedom of Moral Conscience

No one may be compelled by law to undertake an action or omission against their moral conscience; unless such a rare and extreme circumstance shall arise which is blatantly contrary to the principles and spirit of the Constitution as it exists in its original form.

Article 323Protection of Religious Beliefs

No one may be compelled by law or threat of punishment to undertake an action or omission which is reasonably established as contrary to their religious beliefs or practices; but nor may anyone make use of religion to engage in activities that are contradictory to the principles of the Constitution or the heritage and culture of New Zealand, especially in any manner which disrupts public order or puts citizens in danger.

Article 324No Established State Religion

The state shall not make any law establishing any religion, or imposing any religious observance, or prohibiting the free exercise of any religion; government shall however still acknowledge, respect, and protect if necessary through regulation, the history, traditions, heritage, and culture of the nation.

Article 325Protection from Compelled Expression

No one may be compelled by law or threat of punishment to:

  1. (a)

    promote, or

  2. (b)

    show agreement with, or

  3. (c)

    display:

    1. (1)

      an image; or

    2. (2)

      an icon; or

    3. (3)

      an emblem; or

    4. (4)

      a flag; or

    5. (5)

      any symbol;

of;

any:

  1. (A)

    political; or

  2. (B)

    social; or

  3. (C)

    religious;

ideology which they do not support.

Article 326Right to Display the National Flag

No citizen shall be forbidden by law to fly or display a New Zealand flag.

Article 327Flag Display on Public Buildings

Public buildings shall fly or display a New Zealand flag at all times; unless reasonably prevented by natural disaster or other state of emergency, or temporarily while undertaking restoration or replacement of the flag.

Article 328Precedence of the National Flag

No Public building shall fly or display another flag higher than the New Zealand flag.

Article 329Public Funding and Constitutional Principles

Public funding shall not be granted to individuals, organisations, or institutions, who promote ideologies or principles which are in direct contradiction to the Constitution.

Article 330No Personnel Quotas in Government

No government department or agency shall be subject to personnel quotas based on race, sex, age, disability, orientation, or religion.

Article 331No Personnel Quotas in Business

No business shall be subject by law to personnel quotas based on race, sex, age, orientation, disability, or religion.

Article 332Equality of Opportunity

Everyone shall be afforded equality of opportunity under the law; government shall not impose on any citizen, business, institution, or organisation, any form or attempted form of enforced equality of outcome.

Article 333Registration of Private Items

Government shall not have the right to require registration of any privately owned item not intended for use in public; nor shall have the right to keep records of such.

Article 334Personal Information for Public Services

Public services shall not request, nor require, personal information to use a given service, unless it is of specific need in order to supply that service; in such cases the need must be genuine, and must be publicly stated.

Article 335Use of Natural Resources

Publicly owned natural resources shall be prioritised for the benefit of local residents before any foreign entity: Government shall not prevent citizens from the reasonable use of natural resources, nor prevent the use of resources that would otherwise go to waste; but shall have authority to restrict the extent of use by any entity, in order to preserve resources for the benefit of the public good.

Article 336Independence from Utility Services

No governmental body shall have the right to compel the use of utility services; citizens have the right to be independent.

Article 337Non-Structural Additions to Dwellings

No private dwelling shall require consent for addition of non-structural items which do not cause any objectively observable disturbance, interference, or risk to others.

Article 338Scope of Building Consents

Local council building consents shall only deal with issues involving:

  1. (a)

    physical location of the building(s) on the site in relation to local laws; and/or

  2. (b)

    overall dimensions of the building(s) in relation to local laws; and/or

  3. (c)

    usage of the building in relation to local laws; and/or

  4. (d)

    any interference with, or permanent disruption to neighbouring properties; and/or

  5. (e)

    any required encroachment onto public land during the construction process;

unless no other building statement or engineering report has been provided with the submission. The cost for a consent related to a private dwelling, shall be rounded to an amount not exceeding 5% above the actual administration cost of processing the consent. Citizens shall also be protected against unnecessarily burdensome or bureaucratic property covenants; and any initial covenants related to housing developments (unless specifically in place to protect the elderly or vulnerable), shall automatically expire after 10 years of the first property within the development being listed for sale: This however shall not outlaw the reasonable function of a body corporate style agreement; nor in principle, prevent the establishment of charter towns or cities, if or when permitted within a province by the State Congress.

If realignment of a State border shifts privately owned land from one Province to another, the property owner, for as long as they or an immediate descendant continue to own the land, shall be entitled, as they so wish, to:

  1. (1)

    retain and rights and privileges of the State under which their land was previously governed; or

  2. (2)

    permanently transfer the land to the jurisdiction of the new province; not however forcing changes to the land or structures on it already in place at the time of transfer if they do not comply with regulations in the new province.

Article 339Non-Interference in Family Affairs

The state shall not interfere in personal or family affairs without evidence that the actions of an individual have or will negatively impact another.

Article 340Freedom to Travel Within New Zealand

No permission, nor permit, nor licence, of any form shall be required for travel within New Zealand.

Article 341Free Access to Public Institutions

No citizen shall be charged a fee to utilise publicly owned or funded museums, galleries, or libraries; nor be prevented from reasonable access to hire suitable public venues for an event to impart information.

Article 342Precedence of Citizen Rights

The rights of citizens shall always come before those of governing bodies; unless:

  1. (a)

    a specific risk to public safety exists for which the governing body is responsible; or

  2. (b)

    the public interest deems otherwise in a specific case, by way of referendum of those eligible to elect the given governing body in question.

Article 343Civil Disobedience

Civil disobedience shall not, in and of itself, constitute an imprisonable offence, nor shall it result in a criminal record.

Article 344Immunity When Saving a Life

No one shall be charged with an offence for attempting to save a human life in an emergency; the value of life outweighs that of legislation.

Article 345Limits on Imprisonment for Offences

An offence which:

  1. (a)

    does not cause physical harm or loss; and

  2. (b)

    is unrelated to controlled substances; and

  3. (c)

    does not put others at specific risk; and

  4. (d)

    is not combined with a separate secondary criminal offence;

cannot be punished with a prison sentence; nor be used as measure to deem the individual a risk to society.

Article 346Prohibition of Burdensome Penalties

No governing body shall enact burdensome penalties, levies, administrative procedures, or physical requirements, that inhibit a citizen’s constitutional rights.

Article 347Protection of Rights from Obstruction

The rights of citizens shall not be unnecessarily, unduly, or unreasonably, obstructed or interfered with.

Article 348Reciprocal Rights for Australian Citizens

Any laws granting extended rights or privileges to Australian citizens shall only be in effect by default for as long as the reciprocal is in effect for New Zealand citizens in Australia.

Article 349Public Viewing of International Agreements

International agreements shall be made available for citizen viewing, at least one month prior to ratification.

Article 350Withdrawal from International Agreements

International agreements shall include a clause allowing for withdrawal or revocation by citizens.

Article 351Approval of International Standards

International products or solutions which meet or exceed equivalent New Zealand standards, shall be automatically approved for use unless specifically stated otherwise; Government shall maintain a list of international standards codes which are approved for New Zealand use, and likewise prohibited items or products.

Article 352Passing Matters with Urgency

For Federal Government to pass a matter with “urgency” it shall require majority approval of at least two of the following three entities;

  1. (1)

    the Senate,

  2. (2)

    the Governor-General,

  3. (3)

    the Supreme Court.

Article 353Unconstitutional Government Action

Any action taken by government which is contradictory to The Constitution shall be null and void; and resistance to such action is legally protected.

Article 354Legal Matters Between Citizens and the State

In legal matters between private citizens and the state:

  1. (a)

    the burden of proof shall rest with the state; and

  2. (b)

    citizens shall be entitled to the benefit of either the letter of the law, or the intent of a law, as they so choose; and

  3. (c)

    the state shall only be entitled to the same degree of legal representation as the citizen; and

  4. (d)

    If the state is found to be in the wrong, the citizen shall be entitled to reasonable compensation for both their legal expenses and their time.

Article 355Protected Confidential Information

No one shall be liable for prosecution or held in contempt of court for refusing to disclose information protected under the basis of:

  1. (a)

    doctor and patient confidentiality; or

  2. (b)

    client and attorney privilege; or

  3. (c)

    confessional seal or spousal privilege; or

  4. (d)

    journalistic protection of sources.

Article 356Ministerial Authority and Responsibility

Government ministers have full authority, and final responsibility, over any entities which come under the control of their governmental portfolio; including the power to promote, demote, reassign, and remove, anyone to or in a position of authority, as necessary to ensure the appropriate running of the given entity.

Article 357Grounds for Treason

In cases of government action involving:

  1. (a)

    lying to or deceiving the public in any manner; except where essential to safeguard the nation by means of counter intelligence during official times of war; and/or

  2. (b)

    corruption; and/or

  3. (c)

    revelation of state secrets to non-allied entities; and/or

  4. (d)

    crimes of violence or intimidation against the civilian population; and/or

  5. (e)

    intentional suppression of the constitutional rights of citizens; and/or

  6. (f)

    actioned or attempted undermining of the sovereignty of New Zealand; and/or

  7. (g)

    attempts to overrule, circumvent, or undermine, the principles of the Constitution;

any government minister(s), member(s) of the House of Representatives, member(s) of the Senate, Provincial Governor(s), head(s) of government entities, national security personnel, member(s) of the military, or any sworn police officer, complicit in the action, shall be liable to be tried for treason before the Supreme Court.

Article 358Penalties for Treason

Anyone found guilty of treason shall:

  1. (a)

    serve a prison term of no less than 5 years; but may also be subject to capital punishment if so determined by a public referendum; and

  2. (b)

    be excluded from holding any position of public office for life.

Article 359Protection for Exposing Corruption

No law, nor contract, shall penalise anyone for, or prevent anyone from, exposing evidence of corruption or illegal activity of or within any company, institution, or government entity.

Summary of Principles

Article 360Purpose of Law

Law shall primarily exist to facilitate and protect the rights, freedoms, and responsibilities of citizens; and to restrict or limit the actions, abilities, and control of government.

Article 361Scope of Constitutional Rights

Constitutional rights shall apply extensively and generically; any restrictions in law must be clearly and explicitly stated.

Article 362Constitution as Supreme Law

The Constitution is the supreme law and stands above any international, federal, provincial, or local law.

Article 363Spirit and Intent of the Constitution

The spirit and intent of the Constitution shall hold as much weight as the specific text.

Article 364Penalties for Constitutional Breaches

Penalties shall be set and enforced for the breach of any constitutional article(s); with fair and reasonable leniency granted if a breach occurs due to clear and significant duress.

Article 365Equality Under the Law

One rule of law applies to all; and everyone is equal under the law. He iwi tahi rātou, e kokriri whakamua kia kotahi.

Closing Article

Closing ArticleClosing Statement

A transition period of no more than five years shall be granted for full compliance with the Constitution; after which time, any breaches shall be punished in full, and any property still held in breach of the Constitution shall be automatically forfeited to the ownership of the Fern, to be on-sold to citizens, in a fair and public manner, at a cost of no more than half the current market value.
To further establish a new era of balance for the nation, all currently registered political parties shall hereby be disbanded, and the names of those parties shall be prohibited from use as political entities for a period of 100 years; once all the aforementioned has been enforced, this article, while retaining its weight in law if required, shall by default, be removed from official listing as part of the Constitution.